In Zambia mining started at the beginning of the 20th century in 1906 at Broken Hill (now Kabwe) in the Central Province. Zambia’s first commercial copper was, however, produced at Kansanshi (at Solwezi in North Western Province) in 1908 and from Roan Antelope at Luanshya in 1911 while the first concentrate was produced at Bwana Mkubwa in 1913, and over the years, it spread to other places on the Copperbelt.

As a sphere of government at the local level, local government administers a wide range of functions to meet the daily wants of their communities. Contrasted with central government, the central mechanism of the State, no doubt, covers a wide range of policy and its functions are largely those of guidance, regulation and control. In the civil sphere, services and supplies are functions of industry, commerce, public corporations and local government itself. Similarly, industry and commerce taken together may appear to have a more wider and varied scope than local government.

Public funds are needed to ensure that local councils function effectively. It has been observed that local councils with adequate funding tend to efficient in the delivery of services in the the community.However, it is vital that funds are utilized in a transparent way. There are certain requirements to put in place to ensure effective use of public funds by the councils. These include; empowering local councils by devolving decision making, function and resources from the centre to the lower level structures.

The main mandate of establishing Councils is to provide services on behalf of Central Government to residents within their areas of jurisdictions. Section 61 of the Local Government Act Second Schedule has Sixty-Three (63) functions which translate into services Councils are expected to provide to the public. The functions are categorized into mandatory and discretionary functions. Although government support to councils is increasing, it is important to ensure that transparency and accountability are enhanced in councils

A vibrant and productive private sector is key to promoting growth & prosperity in Zambia and accelerated and diversified growth will require a substantial increase in investment and business productivity. However, it is important to observe that Micro Small and Medium Enterprises MSMEs dominate in numbers of enterprises, and do contribute to the country development process. Therefore, it is necessary to Invest in hard infrastructure so that MSMEs especially those in rural areas have better access.

A vibrant and productive private sector is key to promoting growth & prosperity in Zambia and accelerated and diversified growth will require a substantial increase in investment and business productivity. However, it is important to observe that Micro Small and Medium Enterprises MSMEs dominate in numbers of enterprises, and do contribute to the country development process. Therefore, it is necessary to Invest in hard infrastructure so that MSMEs especially those in rural areas have better access.

Making Zambia’s beef and Dairy industry productive will require provision of high quality dairy breeding bulls and development of a proper A.1 system. Adequate training and technical support is vital For instance, facilitating the provision of vet drugs, dairy equipment and extension services. In addition, facilitating linkages between small-medium dairy farmers and service providers will enhance productivity. Furthermore, the Livestock Development Fund, thereby making it easy for small and emergent farmers to access finances to boost their production.

An Effective Cattle Industry will require that both Emergent and Small Scale Farmers have access to a numbers of services. Access to affordable finances is necessary, sufficient infrastructure such as; power supply, irrigation facilities and good roads network. Furthermore, Public - Private Partnership (PPP) should be encouraged to ensure sufficient private sector supply of extension, training. The Government should also ensure that policies and Institutions are sustainable and sustained. Policy contradictions have to be reconciled, the coordination between ministries has to be improved.

An Effective Cattle Industry will require that both Emergent and Small Scale Farmers have access to a numbers of services. Access to affordable finances is necessary, sufficient infrastructure such as; power supply, irrigation facilities and good roads network. Furthermore,Public - Private Partnership (PPP) should be encouraged to ensure sufficient private sector supply of extension, training. The Government should also ensure that policies and Institutions are sustainable and sustained.Policy contradictions have to be reconciled,the coordination between ministries has to be improved.

Domestic and Regional use of copper is driven mainly by demand from; Utilities,(Power generation and distribution; Telecommunications). Construction ( building wire, Mining industry ( Cables;bespoke spares but OME's importing parts). There are various factors that drive the Copper Fabricating Industry. These include access to markets, access to raw materials(copper,alloying metals,scrap metal), access to capital (plant and equipment) and access to labour.Market in Zambia and neighboring countries excluding South Africa for fabricated copper is currently minuscule.